Guide to creating Photoshop random color rings, all vector paths that can be grouped and used for backgrounds, overlays, objects in designs and more
Start point, create a circle using the shape layer option. Go to the edit menu and transform and scale and set the value to 95% and 95% (or some other setting) and then set the fill to red or black etc via the window menu properties panel.
Go to the layer menu and duplicate layer command and click OK. You now have a new layer that can be again transformed. You can if you wish go to the edit menu and use the same command but there is also another entry in the transform menu, transform again and as long as you have done nothing else to the artwork then the transform again will apply the same 95% scaling to the artwork and this can then be repeated over and over.
You don't need to have it all uniform scaling. You can always select two or three of the paths and then duplicate the object and then using the bounding box resize the artwork and repeat this a number of times to generate a number of paths. You can then go to the layers panel and double click and change the fill for that layer or select them from the swatches panel.
Sadly as there is no randomization feature for fills, you can't set up an action to repeat this but if you did use the actions panel then the circles would all end up with the same (red, green and blue etc each and every time) which would need to be edit manually for each of the generated vector shapes.
Once you are happy with the artwork and you have created enough vector artworks, you can select them all by using the selection tool or via the layers panel and then go to the layer menu and smart objects and convert the whole design to a smart object.
The artwork can then be further manipulated by filter effects such as oil paint found in the stylize category. You can also duplicate the smart object and fill the artwork with the same design, which can be re-sized and rotated and skewed etc.
You can also double click the smart object and go to the individual shapes and change the fills as well as the strokes etc (perhaps set to gradients) and on exit from the smart object, all the smart objects will change. Once you have your smart object, you can also add filters to it such as wave or twirl or blur but you can also add smart adjustments to them such as black and white or HSL etc and modify the fill in countless ways.
You can go to the layers panel and select a circle layer and drag and hold down the alt / option key and drag upwards and that duplicates the selected layer then hold down the shift / cmd (or ctrl) key and press T to apply the transform again (set the initial transform to 95% etc) and then double click the layer entry and change the solid color. This can be applied multiple times and probably quicker than layer / duplicate and transform each via the menu.