How to create Photoshop polka dots ?? Create a document sized 600 x 600 or 1000 x 1000 etc. View menu and snap ON and View menu and snap to guides ON and View menu and new guide layout. Columns 6 and rows 6 and both ON. Go to the ellipse tool and make a circle (as a shape layer) that snaps to the guides in the first cell and Alt / option and duplicate that circle and place in the third cell in the first row and then duplicate and add to the 5th cell in the first row. Duplicate and go to the next row and add the polka dot circle to the 2nd cell (using the snap so it is in the center of the cell). Repeat with the 4th cell and then move to the third row and place in the first cell etc
With the recent release, the pattern preview feature makes it even more easy to manipulate them and add them to the cells. You can also see the result of any change for the individuals.
You can change the color of the individual cell circles. Click the circle shape. Window menu and properties. Change the fill color to different colors such as a pastel theme and Change all the different cells. You can now use adjustment layers to re-color all the designs in one go or use adjustments via the image menu. You can also use the adjustment black and white to change the color to different black and whites for use with the brushes define or patterns etc such as Edit menu (now you have your stroke design) and Define brush
You can also make different types of designs such as smaller ones such there is a bigger gap between the objects, perhaps designs with two objects or perhaps ones made of different shapes such as squares or triangles or more fun designs.
You can use the same design for the entire artwork. Before you add the artwork to the cells of the guides you can convert it to a smart object via the layer menu and using it as a smart object the design can be changed for the entire artwork in a second by editing that single smart object. Each of the smart objects can have a smart adjustment added to it via the image menu and adjustments such as Hue and saturation with different values. You can then alter the size etc in each cell but any change of object such as a circle to a ring design can be done in seconds. To change the smart object, go to the layers panel and double click one of the entries
You can also take the designs and turn them into a tile by using the edit menu and define pattern command. It is even easier with the current versions to work out the design as you can now go to the view menu and the pattern preview and add them in all kinds of combos and you can see the result of your pattern design and save that via the define command.
You can quickly generate a shape simply by adding them as a shape layer and holding down the shift key as you add them. All the artworks are added to a single vector shape and can be any size. Of course, as with any grid, you could have this grid 20 x 20 or 30 x 30 and make your dots for that. After adding all the designs go to the edit menu and define custom shape. The custom shape can then be used with the shape tool and also used to define a stroke / pattern etc.
The artwork, either the vector ones or the smart object or pixel designs can be quickly added to the CC libraries by dragging the design into the CC library and saved for future work.